Corrosion-resistant thermocouples rely on the thermoelectric (Seebeck) effect: when two dissimilar metals form a closed loop and their junctions (measuring and reference ends) experience a temperature difference, a thermoelectromotive force is generated, proportional to the material type and ΔT; this voltage is measured and converted to temperature using calibration curves; corrosion resistance is achieved through material selection—such as NiCr–NiSi (Type K) or NiCr–CuNi (Type E) alloys—which remain stable in acidic, alkaline, or saline media; structural designs like insulated or grounded junctions further shield the sensing elements from direct chemical attack, though trade-offs exist between response speed and mechanical robustness.